A manager’s challenge: Is external supervision more valuable than increased training money for staff?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol31iss3id654Keywords:
Supervision, external supervision, internal supervisionAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Supervision is regarded as an integral necessity for the development and maintenance of professional standards in social workers and is also common practice in other health professions. There is debate, however, about the relative strengths of external and internal supervision. External supervision is recommended but there is a significant financial cost in contracting external supervisors. Also, some argue that internal supervision better manages staff and simplifies communication.
METHODS: This article provides a case study of an agency considering changing its supervision systems and the relative benefits and risks that need to be considered.
FINDINGS: Each agency needs to consider how to get the best from staff development resources considering the time or finances available. External supervision can offer wider choice to staff with more ethical issues debated. However, this may limit other staff development funding.
CONCLUSION: It is recommended that every agency regularly review how to get the best supervision for its staff.
References
Beddoe, L. (2010). Surveillance or reflection: Professional supervision in “the risk society.” British Journal of Social Work, 40(4), 1279–1296.
Beddoe, L. (2011). External supervision in social work: Power, space, risk, and the search for safety. Australian Social Work, 65(2), 197–213. doi:10.1080/031240 7x.2011.591187
Beddoe, L., & Davys, A. (2016). Challenges in professional supervision: Current themes and models for practice. London, UK: Jessica Kingsley.
Carpenter, J., Webb, C. W., & Bostock, L. (2013). The surprisingly weak evidence base for supervision: Findings from a systematic review of research in child welfare practice (2002–2012). Children and Youth Service Review, 35, 1843–1853.
Cooper, L. (2006). Clinical supervision: Private arrangement or managed process? Social Work Review, 18(3), 21–30.
Hirst, V. (2001). Professional supervision for managers: An effective organisational development intervention—an inquiry based on the perceptions and experiences of managers of social work (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of Auckland, Auckland, NZ.
Hirst, V., & Lynch, A. (2005). External supervision - good or bad for the organisation? In L. Beddoe, J. Worrall, & F. Howard (Eds.), Weaving together the strands of supervision: Proceedings of the 2004 (July) Conference, Auckland New Zealand (pp. 91-98). Auckland: Faculty of Education, University of Auckland.
Hughes, L., & Pengelly, P. (1997). Staff supervision in a turbulent environment: Managing process and task in a front–line service. London, UK: Jessica Kingsley.
Kane, R. (2001). Supervision in New Zealand social work. In M. Connolly (Ed.), New Zealand social work contexts and practice (pp. 291–303). Auckland, NZ: Oxford University Press.
Morrell, M. (2001). External supervision—confidential or accountable? An exploration of the relationship between agency, supervisor and supervisee. Social Work Review, 13(1), 36–41.
O’ Donoghue K. B. (2010). Towards the construction of social work supervision in Aotearoa New Zealand: A study of the perspectives of social work practitioners and supervisors (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ.
O’Donoghue, K., Munford, R., & Trlin, A. (2006). What’s best about social work supervision according to association members? Social Work Review, 18(3), 79–91.
Rankine, M. (2017). Making the connections: A practice model for reflective supervision. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 29(3), 66–78. doi:http://dx.doi. org/10.11157/anzswj-vol29iss3id377
Sutcliffe, R. (2007). What is the meaning of supervision for mental health support workers? A critical hermeneutic inquiry (Unpublished master’s thesis). AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Te Pou o te Whakaaro Nui. (2013). Position paper: The role of supervision in the mental health and addiction support workforce. Wellington, NZ: Author.
Tsui, M.S., O’Donoghue, K., Boddy, J., & Pak, C.M. (2017). From supervision to organisational learning: A typology to integrate supervision, mentorship, consultation and coaching. The British Journal of Social Work, 47(8), 2406–2420. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcx006
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
By completing the online submission process, you confirm you accept this agreement. The following is the entire agreement between you and the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers (ANZASW) and it may be modified only in writing.
You and any co-authors
If you are completing this agreement on behalf of co-authors, you confirm that you are acting on their behalf with their knowledge.
First publication
By submitting the work you are:
- granting the ANZASW the right of first publication of this work;
- confirming that the work is original; and
- confirming that the work has not been published in any other form.
Once published, you are free to use the final, accepted version in any way, as outlined below under Copyright.
Copyright
You assign copyright in the final, accepted version of your article to the ANZASW. You and any co-authors of the article retain the right to be identified as authors of the work.
The ANZASW will publish the final, accepted manuscript under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC BY 4.0). This licence allows anyone – including you – to share, copy, distribute, transmit, adapt and make commercial use of the work without needing additional permission, provided appropriate attribution is made to the original author or source.
A human-readable summary of the licence is available from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, which includes a link to the full licence text.
Under this licence you can use the final, published version of the article freely – such as depositing a copy in your institutional research repository, uploading a copy to your profile on an academic networking site or including it in a different publication, such as a collection of articles on a topic or in conference proceedings – provided that original publication in Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work is acknowledged.
This agreement has no effect on any pre-publication versions or elements, which remain entirely yours, and to which we claim no right.
Reviewers hold copyright in their own comments and should not be further copied in any way without their permission.
The copyright of others
If your article includes the copyright material of others (e.g. graphs, diagrams etc.), you confirm that your use either:
- falls within the limits of fair dealing for the purposes of criticism and review or fair use; OR
- that you have gained permission from the rights holder for publication in an open access journal.