Kaitiakitanga: A transformation of supervision
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol32iss3id770Keywords:
Supervision, cultural supervision, kaitiakitanga, kaitiaki, tiakiAbstract
INTRODUCTION: This article explores Māori social work supervision in Aotearoa New Zealand, from cultural, iwi, hapū and whānau perspectives. It describes an emerging model of kaitiakitanga (supervision) entitled “He Maunga, He Tangata, He Tapu, He Kahu.”
APPROACH: It is based on the author’s experience and tribal relationships, and proposes a model reinterpreting the supervisory relationship by first re-examining the meanings of these relationships from a Māori perspective. It explains the rationale of the model in order to clarify its origins, principles, purpose, obligations and responsibilities in the field of kaitiakitanga (supervision). The nine principles discussed, along with four overarching themes identified within Te Ao Māori, reflect the importance of integrating customary practices in to achieve the best outcomes for the people we serve and work with.
IMPLICATIONS: These principles are crucial to the practice of kaimahi-a-iwi and kaitiakitanga, where it is important not only to care, protect, guide, teach, influence and encourage, but also to consider self-care, and develop safe and accountable practices for all people.
References
Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers, A. (2015). Supervision policy. Christchurch: ANZASW.
Beddoe, L., & Davys, A. (1994). The status of supervision: Reflections from a training perspective. Social Work Review, 6(5/6), 16–21.
Bradley, J., Jacob, E., & Bradley, R. (1999). Reflections on culturally safe supervision, or why Bill Gates makes more money than we do. Social Work Review, 11(4), 3-6.
Carroll, M. (2000, July). The spirituality of supervision. In
L. Beddoe & J. Worrall (Eds.), Supervision conference. From rhetoric to reality: Keynote address and selected papers (pp. 11–20). Auckland College of Education.
Davys, A., & Beddoe, L. (2010). Best practice in professional supervision: A guide for the helping professions. Jessica Kingsley.
Department of Social Welfare. (2001). Reprint: Puao-Te-Ata-Tu (Day Break) Ministerial Advisory Committee on a
Māori Perspective for the Department of Social Welfare. Retrieved from Wellington: https://www.msd.govt.nz/ documents/about-msd-and-our-work/publications- resources/archive/1988-puaoteatatu.pdf
Eketone, A. (2012). The purposes of cultural supervision. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review, 24(3/4), 20-30.
Elkington, J. (2014). A Kaupapa Māori supervision context - cultural and professional. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review, 26(1), 65-73.
Eruera, M. (2005). He kōrero kōrari – weaving the past into the present for the future (Master’s thesis). Massey University, Palmerston North.
Eruera, M. (2012). He korari, he kete, he korero. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review, 24(3 & 4) 12–19.
Hollis-English, A. (2017). Theories in Māori social work: Indigenous approaches to working with and for indigenous people. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 27(4), 5–15. doi:10.11157/anzswj-vol27iss4id432
King, L. (2014). KIAORA - the emerging construction of a bicultural professional supervision model. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review, 26(1), 20-28.
Marsden, M. (1988). The natural world and natural resources. Māori value systems and perspectives. Resource Management Law Reform Working Paper 29. Part A. Ministry for the Environment.
Marsden, M. (1992). Te Ao Hurihuri: Aspects of Maoritanga (M. King (Ed.). Reed Books.
Mead, H. M. (2003). Tikanga Maori living by Maori values. Huia Publishers.
Nepe, T. (1991). E hao e tēnei reanga te toi huarewa tipuna (Unpublished MA thesis). Auckland University, NZ.
Ngata, H. M. (1996) English–Maori Dictionary. Ministry of Education/Learning Media.
O’Donoghue, K. (1998). Supervising social workers: A practical handbook. Department of Policy Studies and Social Work, Massey University.
Payne, M. (2014). Modern social work theory (4th ed.). Palgrave Macmillan Publishers.
Phillips, J. (1990). Anniversaries – Sesquicentennial 1990, Te Ara – the Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Retrieved from http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/video/43033/bishop- vercoes-speech-at-waitangi-1990
Pohatu, H. R. (1995). Whakapapa: A pedagogical structure for the transmission of matauranga Maori (Masters thesis). University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Pohatu, T. (2004). Ata: Growing respectful relationships. He Pukenga Korero, 8(1), 1–8.
Pohatu, T. W. (2008). Takepū: Principled approaches to healthy relationships. In Proceedings of the Traditional Knowledge Conference 2008, Te Tatau Pounamu: The Greenstone Door. Auckland: Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga.
Pohatu, T. (2015). Matauranga-a-whanau: He Konae Aronui.
Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 27(4), 32–38.
Royal A. C. (2007). Kaitiakitanga—Guardianship and conservation—Understanding kaitiakitanga, Te Ara—the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved from http:// www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/kaitiakitanga-guardianship-and- conservation/page-1
Ruch, G. (2000). Self and social work: Towards an integrated model of learning. Journal of Social Work Practice, 14(2), 99–112.
Ruwhiu, L. (1995). Home fires burn so brightly with theoretical flames. Social Work Review Te Komako, 7(1), 21-24.
Ruwhiu, L. A. (2013). Making sense of indigenous issues in Aotearoa New Zealand In M. Connolly & L. Harms (Eds.), Social Work: Contexts and practice (3rd ed., pp. 124-137). Melbourne Oxford.
Ruwhiu, P. T. O., & Ruwhiu, L. A. (2005). Ko te pae o te atua mai i nga whakaaro hohonu nei, hei oranga mo te ira tangata. Social Work Review, 17(2), 4-19.
Smith, G. H. (2003). Kaupapa Maori Symposium presentation NZARE/AARE Joint Conference Hyatt Hotel, Auckland NZ.
Thomas, C., & Davis, S. (2005). Bicultural strength-based supervision. In M. Nash, R. Munford, & K. O’Donoghue (Eds.), Social work theories in action (pp. 189–204). Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Vercoe, W. (1990). Tihei Mauri Ora, Manu Ao Academy—A National Inter-University Māori Academy for Academic and Professional Advancement. Retrieved from www.manu-ao.ac.nz
Walsh-Tapiata, W., & Webster, J. (2004). Do you have a supervision plan? Social Work Review-Te Komako, 16(2), 15-19.
Webber-Dreadon, E. (1999). He taonga mo o matou tipuna [A gift handed down by our ancestors]: An indigenous approach to social work supervision. Te Komako Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work Review, 11(4), 7–11.
Webber-Dreadon, E. S. (2018). Konae Ako 1, Aromatawai 1 & 2, Kaitiakitanga Professional Supervision Post Graduate.
Webber-Dreadon, E. S. (2018). The social work world of Matariki (2018). ANZASW Newsletter. Retrieved from https://anzasw.nz/anzasw-reflections-on-matariki- indigenous-models-of-social-work/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
By completing the online submission process, you confirm you accept this agreement. The following is the entire agreement between you and the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Workers (ANZASW) and it may be modified only in writing.
You and any co-authors
If you are completing this agreement on behalf of co-authors, you confirm that you are acting on their behalf with their knowledge.
First publication
By submitting the work you are:
- granting the ANZASW the right of first publication of this work;
- confirming that the work is original; and
- confirming that the work has not been published in any other form.
Once published, you are free to use the final, accepted version in any way, as outlined below under Copyright.
Copyright
You assign copyright in the final, accepted version of your article to the ANZASW. You and any co-authors of the article retain the right to be identified as authors of the work.
The ANZASW will publish the final, accepted manuscript under a Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC BY 4.0). This licence allows anyone – including you – to share, copy, distribute, transmit, adapt and make commercial use of the work without needing additional permission, provided appropriate attribution is made to the original author or source.
A human-readable summary of the licence is available from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, which includes a link to the full licence text.
Under this licence you can use the final, published version of the article freely – such as depositing a copy in your institutional research repository, uploading a copy to your profile on an academic networking site or including it in a different publication, such as a collection of articles on a topic or in conference proceedings – provided that original publication in Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work is acknowledged.
This agreement has no effect on any pre-publication versions or elements, which remain entirely yours, and to which we claim no right.
Reviewers hold copyright in their own comments and should not be further copied in any way without their permission.
The copyright of others
If your article includes the copyright material of others (e.g. graphs, diagrams etc.), you confirm that your use either:
- falls within the limits of fair dealing for the purposes of criticism and review or fair use; OR
- that you have gained permission from the rights holder for publication in an open access journal.
