We need to talk about self-care (but not in the way you think)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss3id929

Keywords:

self-care, radical self-care, barriers to self-care, macro social work, social work education

Abstract

Self-care is widely acknowledged as crucial in the social work profession. While this area of research has begun to expand in recent decades, there is still much to be explored. Most studies in this field cover issues like the types and frequency of self-care engaged in, how
to teach it, and how it relates to the prevention of issues like burnout. This research brief will review the literature surrounding these important matters, highlighting a gap pertaining to the practical understanding and application of self-care. How do social workers and social work students think and feel about self-care and the way it is currently taught? Do they know how often most of their peers engage in self-care? Do they know how to realistically incorporate self-care into their own lives? This research brief will discuss what is currently known about the answers to these questions, culminating in suggestions for future research and recommendations that will give future social workers realistic expectations and tools with which to enter the field.

Author Biography

Allison Berkowitz, University of North Alabama

Assistant Professor of Social Work with a focus on politics and policy practice.

References

Acker, G. (2018). Self-care practices among social workers: Do they predict job satisfaction and turnover intentions? Social Work in Mental Health, 16(6), 713–727. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332985.2018.1494082

Addonizio, F. P. (2011). Stress, coping, social support, and psychological distress among MSW students [Doctoral dissertation, University of South Carolina]. https://www.proquest.com/openview/aa76699bf1658337ed98bdb75e 597363/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750

Beer, O. W. J., Phillips, R., & Quinn, C. R. (2021). Exploring stress, coping, and health outcomes among social workers. European Journal of Social Work, 24(2), 317– 330. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691457.2020.1751591

Beer, O. W. J., Phillips, R., Quinn, C. R., & Stepney, L. (2020). The feasibility of mindfulness training to reduce stress among social workers: A conceptual paper. British Journal of Social Work, 50(1), 243–263. https://doi. org/10.1093/ bjsw/bcz104

Bloomquist, K. R., Wood, L., Friedmeyer-Trainor, K., & Kim, H. (2015). Self-care and professional quality

of life: Predictive factors among MSW practitioners. Advances in Social Work, 16(2), 292–311. https://doi. org/10.18060/18760

Butler, L. D. (n.d.). Developing your self-care plan. University at Buffalo – School of Social Work. https://socialwork. buffalo.edu/resources/self-care-starter-kit/developing- your-self-care-plan.html

Clemans, S. E. (2011). The purpose, benefits, and challenges of “check-in” in a group-work class. Social Work with Groups, 34, 121–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 01609513.2010.549640

Cox, C., & Steiner, S. (2013). Preserving commitment to social work service through the prevention of vicarious trauma. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 10(1), 52–60.

Diebold, J. R., Kim, W., & Elze, D. E. (2018). Perceptions of self- care among MSW students: Implications for social work education. Journal of Social Work Education, 54, 657–667. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2018.1486255

Eaves, M. (2018). Self-care: A model of prevention & sustainability in social work practice [Doctoral dissertation, St. Catherine University]. SOPHIA.

Grant, L., Kinman, G., & Baker, S. (2015). Put on your own oxygen mask before assisting others: Social work educators’ perspectives on an emotional curriculum. British Journal of Social Work, 45, 2351–2367. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcu066

Greene, D., Mullins, M., Baggett, P., & Cherry, D. (2017). Self-care for helping professionals: Students’ perceived stress, coping self-efficacy, and subjective experiences. Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work, 22, 1–16. 10.18084/1084-7219.22.1.1

Griffiths, A., Royse, D., Murphy. A., & Starks, S. (2019). Self-care practice in social work education: A systematic review of interventions. Journal of Social Work Education, 55(1), 102–114. https://doi.org/10.10801/104 37797.2018.1491358

Grise-Owens, E. & Miller, J. (2021). The role and responsibility of social work education in promoting practitioner self- care. Journal of Social Work Education, 57(4), 636–648. https://doi.org/10.1080.10437797.2021.1951414

Grise-Owens, E. E., Miller, J. J., Escobar-Ratliff, C. L., Addison, D., Marshall, M., & Trabue, D. (2016). A field practicum experience in designing and developing a wellness initiative: An agency and university partnership. Field Educator, 6(2), 1–19.

Grise-Owens, E., Miller, J., Escobar-Ratliff, L., & George, N. (2018). Teaching self-care/wellness as a professional practice skill: A curricular case example. Journal of Social Work Education, 54(1), 180–186. https://doi.org/1 0.1080/10437797.2017.1308778

Jackson, K. (2014). Social worker self-care-the overlooked core competency. Social Work Today, 14(3). http://www.socialworktoday.com/archive/051214p14.shtml

Kim, H., Ji, J., & Kao, D. (2011). Burnout and physical health among social workers: A three-year longitudinal study. Social Work, 56(3), 258–268. https://doi.org/10.1093/ sw/56.3.258

Lewis, M. L., & King, D. M. (2019). Teaching self-care: The utilization of self-care in social work practicum to prevent compassion fatigue, burnout, and vicarious trauma. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 29, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091 1359.2018.1482482

Lynch, M., Daun-Barnett, S., & Bailey, K. (2021). Addressing self-care for students and field educators with mindfulness: A collaborative approach to field placement. Field Educator, 11(1), 1–8.

Martin, E. M., Myers, K., & Brickman, K. (2019). Self- preservation in the workplace: The importance of well- being for social work practitioners and field supervisors. Social Work, 65, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/ swz040

Miller, J. J. (2020). Building competency in self-care for social work students: A course-based case study. Journal of Social Work Education, 39(2), 256–269. https://doi.org/1 0.1080/02615479.2019.1620722

Miller, J. J., Donohue-Dioh, J., Niu, C., Grise-Owens, E., & Poklembova, Z. (2019). Examining the self-care practices of child welfare workers: A national perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 99, 240–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J. CHILDYOUTH.2019.02.009

Miller, J., Grise-Owens, E., Owens, L.W., Shalash, N., & Bode, M. (2019). Self-care practices of self-identified social workers: Findings from a national study. Social Work, 65(1), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swz046

Miller, J., Lee, J., Niu, C., Grise-Owens, E., & Bode, M. (2019). Self-Compassion as a predictor of self- care: A study of social work clinicians. Clinical Social Work Journal, 47, 321–331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615- 019-00710-6

Miller, J., Lianekhammy, J., & Grise-Owens, E. (2018). Examining social worker self-care practices: Implications for practice. Advances in Social Work, 18, 1250–1266. https://doi.org/10.18060/22320

Moore, S. E., Bledsoe, L.K., Perry, A. R., & Robinson, M. A. (2011). Social work students and self-care: A model assignment for teaching. Journal of Social Work Education, 47, 545–553. 10.5175/ JSWE.2011.201000004

National Association of Social Workers. (2021). Code of Ethics. https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/ Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English

Newcomb, M., Burton, J., & Edwards, N. (2017). Childhood adversity and self-care education for undergraduate social work and human services students. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 37, 337–352. https://doi.org/10. 1080/08841233.2017.1345821

Newell, J. M., & MacNeil, G. A. (2010). Professional burnout, vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue: A review of theoretical terms, risk factors, and preventive methods for clinicians and researchers. Best Practices in Mental Health: An International Journal, 6(2), 57–68.

Newell, J. M., & Nelson-Gardell, D. (2014). A competency- based approach to teaching professional self-care: An

ethical consideration for social work educators. Journal of Social Work Education, 50, 427–439. https://doi.org/1 0.1080/10437797.2014.917928

O’Neill, M., Yoder Slater, G., & Batt, D. (2019). Social work student self-care and academic stress. Journal of Social Work Education, 55, 141–152. https:/doi.org/10.1080/10 437797.2018.1491359

Pack, M. (2015). Unsticking the stuckness: A qualitative study of the clinical supervisory needs of early-career health social workers. British Journal of Social Work, 45(6), 1821–1836. https:/doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcu069

Pyles, L. (2020). Healing justice, transformative justice, and holistic self-care for social workers. Journal of Social Work, 65(2), 178–187. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swaa013

Rogowski, S. (2018). Neoliberalism and social work with children and families in the UK: On-going challenges and critical possibilities. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 30(3), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.11157/ANZSWJ- VOL30ISS3ID519

Salloum, A., Kondrat, D. C., Johnco, C. J., & Olson, K. R. (2015). The role of self-care on compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary trauma among child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 49, 54–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.12.023

Shannon, P. J., Simmelink-McCleary, J., Im, H., Becher, E. H., & Crook-Lyon, R. E. (2014). Developing self-care practices in a trauma treatment course. Journal of Social Work Education, 50, 440–453. 10.1080/10437797.2014.917932

Smullens, S. (2015). Burnout and self-care in social work: A guidebook for students and those in mental health and related professions. NASW Press.

Straussner, S. L. A., Senreich, E., & Steen, J. T. (2018). Wounded healers: A multistate study of licensed social workers’ behavioral health problems. Social Work, 63(2), 125–133. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swy012

Stuart, H. (2021). Professional inefficacy is the exact opposite of the passionate social worker: Discursive analysis of neoliberalism within the writing on self-care in social work. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 32, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10428232.2020.1790715

Target Ovarian Cancer. (2022, January). Data briefing 2022: Achieving excellence in ovarian cancer care. https:// targetovariancancer.org.uk/get-involved/campaign/policy/reports

Witters, D. (2021, March 31). In U.S., an estimated 46 million cannot afford needed care. Gallup. https://news. gallup.com/poll/342095/estimated-million-cannot-afford- needed-care.aspx

World Population Review. (2022). Health care wait times by country 2022. https://worldpopulationreview.com/ country-rankings/health-care-wait-times-by-country

Xu, Y., Harmon-Darrow, C., & Frey, J. J. (2019). Rethinking professional quality of life for social workers: Inclusion of ecological self-care barriers. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 29(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/1 0.1080/10911359.2018.1452814

Downloads

Published

2022-09-24

How to Cite

Berkowitz, A. (2022). We need to talk about self-care (but not in the way you think). Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 34(3), 130–135. https://doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol34iss3id929

Issue

Section

Research Briefs 2